How to Recognize and Treat Ich (White Spot) in Fish

One of the most common diseases that aquarium hobbyists encounter is Ich (pronounced “ick”), also known as white spot disease. It’s easily recognizable, spreads fast, and if left untreated, can be fatal to your fish.

But the good news? It’s also completely treatable—especially if caught early.

In this blog, we’ll explain how to recognize Ich, what causes it, and most importantly, how to treat and prevent it effectively—whether you have a freshwater or tropical fish tank in Pune or anywhere else.

What Is Ich or White Spot Disease?

Ichthyophthirius multifiliis is the parasite responsible for Ich. It attaches to the fish’s skin, gills, and fins, creating visible white spots that look like grains of salt or sugar.

It is highly contagious and spreads quickly in aquariums, especially if fish are stressed or if the water conditions are poor.

How to Recognize Ich in Aquarium Fish?

Keep a close eye on your fish for these common signs of Ich:

Visible Symptoms:

• Small white dots on fins, body, and gills

• Rubbing/scratching against tank décor or substrate (flashing)

• Clamped fins (fins held close to body)

• Heavy breathing or gasping near the surface

• Lethargy or hiding behavior

• Loss of appetite

If you notice even one fish showing these signs, assume others are at risk too.

What Causes Ich in Fish?

Common Triggers:

• Sudden temperature changes (especially in monsoon or winter in Pune)

• Introducing new fish without quarantine

• Stress due to overcrowding, poor water quality, or transport

• Inadequate filtration or oxygenation

• Weak immune systems

How to Treat Ich in Your Aquarium?

Step-by-Step Treatment Plan:

1. Increase Water Temperature Slightly

Raise the tank temperature gradually to 28–30°C (82–86°F). This speeds up the parasite’s life cycle, making it more vulnerable to medication.

Only do this if your fish species can tolerate higher temperatures.

2. Use an Ich Medication

Over-the-counter treatments such as malachite green, formalin, or copper-based medications work well.

• Follow the dosage instructions carefully

• Remove activated carbon from filters before treatment

• Continue treatment for 5–7 days or as per label

3. Add Aquarium Salt (Optional)

Salt helps reduce stress and kills free-swimming Ich parasites.

Dosage: 1 tablespoon per 5 gallons (check fish species first—some are sensitive to salt like loaches, tetras, or snails)

4. Clean and Maintain the Tank

• Perform 20–30% water changes daily during treatment

• Vacuum substrate to remove fallen parasites

• Monitor water parameters regularly

How Long Does It Take to Cure Ich?

With prompt treatment, you should see improvement in 3–7 days. However, continue the full course of medication to ensure all parasites (including the ones not visible) are eliminated.

Can Ich Spread to Other Fish?

Yes. Ich is very contagious and spreads quickly in closed systems. If one fish is infected, assume the whole tank is exposed.

Quarantining new fish before adding them to your main tank is essential to prevent future outbreaks.

How to Prevent Ich in Your Aquarium?

Pro Tips:

• Quarantine all new fish for 10–14 days

• Maintain stable temperature (especially in changing seasons like monsoon in Pune)

• Keep water clean and well-filtered

• Avoid overcrowding

• Minimize stress during handling or transport

• Feed high-quality fish food to strengthen immunity

Get Expert Help at Blessings Aquarium, Pune

Not sure if your fish has Ich? Bring a video or image of your tank to Blessings Aquarium. Our experts can identify the issue and guide you on the right medications and treatment plans.

We also stock trusted Ich treatment medicines, aquarium salts, heaters, test kits, and everything else you’ll need for a quick recovery.